Welcome To Vaccine Awareness Network
Updated 1 February 2012
 
 
Vaccines And How They Are Made
The chemicals that go into vaccination - newly updated 25 June 2010
 
 
Your Immune System, How It Works And How Vaccines Damage It
Vaccines and Immune Dysfunction - updated 26 February 2010
 
 
The Herd Immunity Theory - Treating Our Children Like Cattle
The Herd Immunity Theory - updated 2 February 2012
 
 
Did Vaccines Really Halt Killer Diseases?
Did Vaccines Really Stop Diseases? A look at history - updated 10 April 2010 with modern day victim of smallpox vaccine
 
 
Vaccination And Abortion
The Use Of Foetal Tissue in Vaccines - newly updated 23 July 2011
 
 
RU-486 Abortion Killing Pill
Abortion Pill That Kills the Mother Too - NEW page!
 
 
Vaccines: A Religious Contention
Vaccines: A Religious Contention - updated 17 December 2009
 
 
Mandating Vaccines Or Not?
Mandating Vaccines or Not? My speech to Nuffield Bio Ethics on the pitfalls of mandating vaccination - includes link to vaccinationchoice.org - updated 8 February 2009
 
 
The New 5 in 1 super jab
5 in 1 vaccine - updated 16 November 2011
 
 
Manufacturer's Information About Pediacel 5-in-1 Vaccine
 
 
Autism and Cerebral Palsy From DPT Vaccine
Maryamber's Story - and other Cerebral Palsy after Vaccination Cases, updated 13 April 2010
 
 
Gardasil and Cervarix - The Cervical Cancer Vaccines
Gardasil and Cervarix - The Cervical Cancer Vaccine - now updated 31 March 2010 - Spain Withdraws Batch Of HPV Vaccine
 
 
Gardasil Vaccines Continued
Gardasil Vaccine Continued And Cases Of Gardasil/Cervarix Damage And Death, updated 10 December 2011
 
 
Prevnar Vaccination
Prevnar and Pneumonia Vaccinations, including info on PCV 13, updated 3 February 2012
 
 
Travel Vaccines
Travel Vaccines - updated 23 July 2011
 
 
Tetanus Vaccine
Tetanus Vaccine - updated 13 May 2009
 
 
MMR, Single Vaccines And MMRV Vaccine
MMR and Single Measles, Mumps and Rubella vaccines and MMRV information - updated 1 February 2012 - NEW COURT RULING SHOWING MMR CAUSED ASD! Contains Graphic Damage Photo.
 
 
Killer Measles Vaccine Is Withdrawn And Other Vaccine Death Cases
Four Babies Killed In Measles Vaccine Campaign - updated 1 February 2012 with more deaths
 
 
Infant Vaccines Produce Autism Symptoms In Primates
Shots Cause Autism In Monkeys
 
 
If You Don't Want The MMR We'll Force You
Bully Boy Tactics Proposed - includes case of forced vaccination with various vaccines, updated 3 February 2012
 
 
Meningitis C Vaccine
Various articles and citations - updated 21 November 2010
 
 
Hepatitis B Vaccine...aluminium....thimerosal (mercury)....yeast...but don't worry, it's gluten free!
Hep B Manufacturer's Information - updated with details of court admitted MS and Death Caused By Hep B Vaccine, updated 24 April 2010
 
 
Hepatitis B Vaccine Kills Baby
 
 
Vaccine Companies Investigated For Manslaughter
And Other Vaccine Companies/Doctors On Trial For Vaccine Deaths and Injuries - Updated 3 February 2012, now including Investigations into Swine Flu Scam
 
 
Five Week Old Foster Baby Dies From Vaccine Reaction
 
 
Vaccinations Suspended After Baby Dies
 
 
My Fight For Health After Vaccination
A Vaccine Damage Case - updated 30 December 2009 to include my friend's and relatives vaccine damage cases
 
 
Vaccine Injury Photos From The CDC
WARNING! Very Graphic Vaccine Damage Pictures. Don't Look If Easily Upset - updated 21 August 2011
 
 
Vaccine Debate Page
A Place Where You Can Send Your Views On Vaccines And Health - updated 21 August 2011
 
 
Vaccination And Your Legal Rights
Your Legal Right To Own Your Own Body - updated 16 August 2009 with new information
 
 
The Value of Breast Milk
 
 
Disease Killing Properties Of Breast Milk
Immunising Your Baby With Breast Milk - updated 3 March 2009
 
 
Real Health - From a Mother's Perspective
 
 
Baby Gallery
Unvaccinated Bundles of Joy! - updated 14 June 2011
 
 
The Home Birth Pages - My Story
The Hospital Birth Experience
 
 
The Home Birth Pages
My Unassisted Childbirth - Reclaiming My Femininity
 
 
The Home Birth Pages - British Maternity Care
My Struggle To Have A Natural Pregnancy With The NHS
 
 
The Home Birth Pages
My Baby's Unhindered Home Birth
 
 
Home Birth And Your Legal Rights. How To Have A Natural Birth
Your Right To Birth Without Violence And Other Home Birth Issues - updated 5 January 2009
 
 
The Dangers of Episiotomy
And Tips For Easing Pain. Updated 13 August 2011
 
 
Obstetric Myths and Realities
Caesareans and Breech Births - updated 17 May 2010
 
 
Vaccine Information For Pregnant Women
What You Should Know If Considering A Vaccination During Pregnancy - updated 18 Sept 2010 - ALERT: MISCARRIAGES AND STILLBIRTHS AFTER H1N1 VACCINE!!
 
 
Home Education Photo Diary
Photo Diary of Child Friendly Home Schooling - updated 7 August 2009 - PAGE FULL, WILL ADD NEW ONE LATER.
 
 
Home Education Photo Diary
Page two of my children's home schooling - updated 22 December 2009
 
 
Home Education And Your Legal Rights
Updated 22 June 2011
 
 
Other People's Breast Milk
VAN UK'S Founder On 'Other People's Breast Milk' and Comments Regarding The Show
 
 
Dangers Of Formula Milk
Formula Milk Is NOT As Good As Breast Milk And Is Not A Breast Milk Substitute!
 
 
Vitamin K: Does Your Baby Really Need It?
New page completed 17 January 2010
 
 
Mercury Free Vaccines Still Have Mercury In Them
What's Not On The Label
 
 
Pro-Vaccine Arguments
VS. Medical Evidence - updated 23 June 2011
 
 
Pro-Vaccine Arguments Page 2
VS. Medical Evidence - NEW page completed on 10th January 2010
 
 
Vaccine Shedding
The spreading of viruses and bacteria via vaccination. Includes Information on the symptoms and treatment of measles. Updated 1 February 2012..
 
 
Why I Don't Vaccinate My Children
And The Birth of VAN UK - updated 16 November 2011
 
 
Vaccines And Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
The Link Between Vaccines And SIDS - updated January 29th 2011
 
 
Midwives And Health Professionals Against Vaccination
Updated 1 February 2012
 
 
Media Censorship of Vaccine News
Updated 30 June 2009.
 
 
Vaccine Victim's Dad Refuses To Bury Him After 21 Years
Couragious Dad Refuses To Allow A Definition Of SIDS On His Son's Death Certificate
 
 
Baby Dies After DPT Vaccine
And Other DPT Death and Injury Cases - updated 31 December 2009.
 
 
Baby Girl Dies 12 Hours After Vaccination
 
 
Doctor Says Vaccines Cause Micro Vascular Strokes In Babies and Children
A conventional doctor links vaccines with strokes, SIDS, Autism and other illnesses - updated 19 October 2010
 
 
Boy Partially Losses Hearing After Vaccination
Updated 13 July 2009 with more deafness and blindness after MMR cases
 
 
Delaying Vaccination Cuts Asthma Risk
Citation in the Journal of Allergy And Clinical Immunology and Info on Vaccines and Auto-Immunity - 6 May 2010
 
 
Vaccines, Mercury, Aluminium and Autism Studies
With link to http://www.mercurymadness.org. Manufacturer's Say Vaccines Cause Autism! - updated 4 February 2012.
 
 
Contraindications (people who shouldn't be vaccinated) and side-effects From The Merck Manual (vaccine manufacturer)
Medical Information On Who Should Not Have Vaccines - Merck and GP Notebook - updated 6 September 2009
 
 
Flu Vaccines
Updated 3 February 2012.
 
 
Swine Flu Epidemic/ H1N1 Vaccine Deaths and Injuries
Created By Lab Blunder - now recording deaths and injuries from jab - page now full.
 
 
Swine Flu Vaccine
Ingredients and other information - updated 10 October 2011
 
 
Tamiflu
What You Should Know About Tamiflu - updated 22 January 2010
 
 
More Educated Mothers Are Less Likely To Vaccinate
A New Study Shows That University Educated Mums Are More Likely To Refuse Vaccines And Other Studies Showing Educated Mothers Refusing Vaccines - updated 23 July 2011
 
 
Diseases In The Vaccinated
Medical Studies And Reports Showing Vaccines Do Not Immunise - Updated 25 April 2009
 
 
Diseases In The Vaccinated Page 2
Page Full.
 
 
Diseases in the Vaccinated - Page 3
Vaccine 'Preventable' Diseases Occuring in the Vaccinated - NEW PAGE 1 February 2012.
 
 
Seven School Kids Taken To Hospital After Vaccines
Kids sicken after DT/IPV Vaccines - and other reactions after vaccination drives, updated 17 April 2011
 
 
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis after vaccination caused girl to have one and a half hour seizure
And other encephalitis after vaccination, updated 17 October 2009
 
 
Infant Mortality Rates Fall Where 'Immunisation' Rates Are Low
Infant Mortality Rates Fall In Line With Lowering Vaccination Rates - updated 5 May 2011
 
 
Chickenpox: Is It Really A Killer Disease?
Suddenly this benign childhood illness has turned into a 'deadly killer' because they are introducing a vaccine - updated 10 April 2010
 
 
Selective Vaccination
If You Decide To Vaccinate - updated 19 January 2011
 
 
Vaccine Damage Payments Unit
How To Make A Claim For Compensation If Your Loved One Is Vaccine Injured - updated 23 March 2009
 
 
Healing From Vaccine Damage
A Case Study - page created 6 May 2009.
 
 
Legal Help For Vaccine Damage And Pro-Choice Issues
Solicitor/Lawyer Information
 
 
Treating Childhood Illnesses
These days, doctors and parents have lost the art of actually nursing their child through a normal childhood illness. Here we tell you the symptoms and treatment of measles, mumps, rubella, chickenpox, rotavirus and whooping cough - updated 5 Jan 2012
 
 
Childhood Diseases Can Be Good For Your Child!
Studies showing childhood diseases reduce autoimmunity - updated 21 November 2010
 
 
Stupid Medical Advice Which Has Been Consigned To History Books
Updated 22 June 2011
 
 
Double Standards - it's not okay to ingest this but fine if we inject it
Authorities Admitting Concern Over Chemicals Used In Other Products That Are Also Used In Vaccines - updated 23rd July 2011
 
 
Ian's Life
A page dedicated to a little boy who died of an adverse reaction to Hepatitis B vaccine. WARNING: graphic vaccine damage picture
 
 
Animal Vaccines
The Dangers of Animal Vaccines - updated 4 February 2012
 
 
Vaccine Books
VAN UK Shop - updated 12 September 2009
 
 
Remember My Name
Honouring Those Who Have Died From Vaccination - updated 10 May 2010
 
 
Remember My Name - Page 2
Honouring Those Who Have Died From Vaccination - Page 2, updated 1 February 2012
 
 
Vaccines, BSE and vCJD
In Memory of Andy Black - WARNING, GRAPHIC PHOTOS, DON'T LOOK IF EASILY UPSET - updated 30 June 2010
 
 
Vaccination: An Ecological Disaster
Environmental Reasons Why Vaccines Aren't so Great. 2% of World HIV Cases Caused By Vaccines. NEW PAGE.
 
 
Skewed Statistics
How Studies are 'Doctored' to Make Vaccines Seem More Effective - NEW page!
 
 
Youth Page
Under 18's Page - Know Your Vaccination Rights
 
 
Letters To VAN UK
About vaccination and it's affects - updated 2 February 2012
 
 
Vaccines Didn't Save Us From Smallpox
Historical Evidence Against Vaccination and Historical Vaccine Death Cases
 
 
Jo's Home Education Resource Page
Home Educated Kids are Rarely at Home! - updated 4 February 2012
 
 
Donate To VAN UK to Keep This Website Running!
Donate To VAN UK to Keep This Website Running!
 
 
Guest Book
Comments are Moderated (Polite Messages Only)
 
 
Contact Us
Contact Us - updated 11 October 2011
 
 

Selective Vaccination

Medical studies show that any type of vaccination, single or combined, can cause damage, so I don't think one is any safer over another.

However, if you have decided to vaccinate or selectively vaccinate, we have put together this page.

Can I choose Some Vaccines And Not Others?

Yes. For instance, if you didn't want the 5-in-1 but you still wanted meningitis C, you could refuse the 5-in-1 and accept the meningitis C.

If your child has had a previous adverse reaction that you think is due to pertussis vaccine, your GP may be able to order in a DT vaccine instead. Some GP's refuse because their government guideline is to give the 5-in-1.

If you object to the 5-in-1, but still wanted DPT, you could buy it privately from a private vaccine clinic.

At this time, single measles, mumps, rubella, injectable polio and single tetanus vaccines are available at some private clinics. If you want this option but don't know where to go, please contact us and we'll tell you.

If you want single rubella vaccine without the aborted fetal tissue in it, you can ask the private clinics to source a brand made without it. This is becoming increasingly difficult, though, as some manufacturer's, like Merck, are stopping making their single vaccines and the combination shots like MMR always contain fetal tissue.

Do I Have To Start Vaccinating At 2 Months?

No. You don't have to vaccinate at all, but if you choose to, you can choose when you start. There is a great deal of evidence to suggest that early vaccination causes auto-immune problems and even cot death.

You could choose to delay the first shots until one year old to reduce the number of shots.
For instance, pertussis is not fatal in children over one year old, so if you waited till your child was over one, you wouldn't require the pertussis vaccine. You would also only require one dose of meningitis C and prevnar as opposed to the several doses 'required' starting at 2 months.

You could wait until your child was 2 before you gave any vaccines. When Japan changed their schedule and started it at 2 years, their cot death disappeared. The child's blood/brain barrier isn't fully developed till age 3, so some parents wait until the pre-school shots at that age and just give those.

It is entirely your choice and if a doctor says you can't, they're lying.

If I Have Started Vaccinating But Change My Mind, Is It Safe To Stop Half Way Through A Course?

Yes. Vaccines contain things like aluminium which have an accumulative effect (they build up in the body) so actually the more shots you have, the more risk of side-effects.

There won't be any adverse effect from abandoning a course of injections.

What Safety Considerations Are There?

If you choose multiple combination vaccines, bear in mind that if your child has a reaction, it will be difficult to tell which vaccine he is reacting to, which will make it difficult to report and difficult to monitor vaccine safety in general.

Consider using only single vaccines so you can accurately identify what your child is reacting to, should he have a reaction. Single viruses are also less of a challenge to his immune system.

Make sure your child is not contraindicated before the shots. (Read the contraindications on this site). If he has suffered from fits in the past, if he's had a previous adverse reaction, if he's feverish, got an infection or an allergy to any of the vaccine ingredients, DON'T vaccinate him. If he has a cold, postpone the shot until he is well. Sick children should never be vaccinated.

Make sure your doctor or nurse discusses your family history with you in detail prior to the shot.

Ask to see the manufacturer's data sheet for the jab prior to it being given so you are fully aware of side-effects. You can also do this to make sure they are giving your child the right vaccine. I have known doctor's who've purposefully given DPT when the parent requested tetanus and if you don't check the vaccine leaflet and packaging, how are you to know what your child is being given?

Make sure your doctor records the manufacturer's name and lot numbers of the vaccines in your child's red book. You will need these if your child suffers an adverse event, if you wish to report it or make a claim for compensation.

Give your child 3,000mgs vitamin C supplement per day for 1 month prior to vaccination and 1 month after. Vitamin C can stop adverse events and protect against sudden death after vaccination (see cot death page for details). Sometimes high doses of vitamin C will give your child loose stools, but it is not harmful. You cannot overdose on vitamin C as any that is not used is reabsorbed by the body. It is vital for a vaccinated child.

Consider giving homeopathic nosodes afterwards to ease any adverse effects.

Serious adverse effects including brain damage and death can occur rarely, and in these cases, homeopathy won't help.

How Can I Ease The Pain of Injections?

These days with babies being given three shots in one sitting, relieving the pain is paramount.

One of my daughter's has a genetic condition and when she had a blood test, her arm was numbed with lidocaine anesthetic beforehand, so she couldn't feel the pain.

It made me wonder why they don't do this when they vaccinate babies - unless it is because they have so many to do, they wouldn't have time to ensure it's pain free?

You can insist on an anesthetic preparation being given prior to any shots. If they say no, tell them no shots until your baby is numbed. I am sure they would rapidly agree. I don't consent to any blood tests on my children until they do this.

Breast feeding during the shots has been shown to reduce pain. This is because breast feeding releases endorpins, the body's natural pain killer, and it also comforts the baby.

Objective

To investigate interventions that affect pain reduction during vaccination in infants and children attending a well-child unit.
Study design

A consecutive sample of 243 children between age 0 and 48 months receiving their routine vaccinations was randomly assigned to 1 of the study groups. A total of 158 infants under age 6 months were randomly assigned to breast-feeding or no breast-feeding during immunization, and 85 children age 6 to 48 months were randomly assigned to receive 12% sucrose solution, lidocaine-prilocaine cream, or no intervention. All children were evaluated for crying time and pain score by a pediatrician using the Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS) for those under age 12 months and the Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Pain Scale (CHEOPS) for those over age 12 months.
Results

Breast-feeding in infants under age 6 months and use of sucrose or lidocaine-prilocaine in children age 6 to 48 months significantly reduced crying time and pain scores compared with controls. No difference in outcome was seen between the sucrose and lidocaine-prilocaine treatment groups.
Conclusions

Here we expand on previous findings by demonstrating that breast-feeding may have an analgesic effect up to age 6 months and that in older children, both sucrose and lidocaine-prilocaine reduce vaccination pain.

Source: Journal of Pediatrics, 2003 - D . Dilli , I . Küçük , Y . Dallar).

If the staff don't want you to breast feed during the shot, as I have heard some mums say, don't consent to it. It's your decision and will be on your terms.

53% of Formula Fed Babies Suffer Fever After Vaccination and Only 25% of Fully Breast Fed Babies do - Make Sure You Exclusively Breast Feed so Your Child Has Less Chance of Vaccine Side-Effects!

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of breastfeeding on the risk for fever after routine immunizations.

METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted at a pediatricvaccination center in Naples, Italy. The mothers of the infants scheduled to receive routine immunizations were instructed on how to measure and record infant temperature on the evening of the vaccination and for the subsequent 3 days. The information about the incidence of fever was obtained by telephone on the third day after vaccination. The relative risk for fever in relation to the type of breastfeeding was estimated in multivariate analyses that adjusted for vaccine dose, maternal education and smoking, and number of other children in the household.

RESULTS: A total of 460 infants were recruited, and information on the
outcome was obtained for 450 (98%). Fever was reported for 30 (25%),48 (31%), and 94 (53%) of the infants who were being exclusively breastfed, partially breastfed, or not breastfed at all, respectively (P
.01). The relative risk for fever among infants who were exclusively and partially breastfed was 0.46 (95% confidence interval: 0.33– 0.66) and 0.58 (95% confidence interval: 0.44–0.77), respectively. The protection conferred by breastfeeding persisted even when considering the role of several potential confounders.

CONCLUSIONS: In this study, breastfeeding was associated with a decreased incidence of fever after immunizations.

Source: Pediatrics 2010;125:e1448–e1452

Even without vaccination, a disease ultimately becomes extinct on its own - Scientists say Selective Vaccination Better than Mass Vaccination

With the current outbreak of the flu season in Israel, hospitals are reporting overcrowding, and doctors are advising people who have not yet been vaccinated against flu to get their shots.

Surprisingly, however, three physicists -- one from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and two others from Michigan State University – have developed an unconventional, theoretical strategy for intensive but limited vaccination against infectious diseases (such as flu) that would replace the practice of mass inoculation over a prolonged period. The physicists developed their theory using a technique borrowed from quantum mechanics.

How does it work? The program is based on accelerating the natural extinction of the disease through selective vaccination.

Prof. Baruch Meerson of the Racah Institute of Physics at the Hebrew University explains the strategy:

“Consider an unfortunate situation when an infectious disease has spread over a population, and a certain portion of the population is sick. Most of the infected individuals recover from the disease and develop immunity to it. On the other hand, the infected individuals can spread the disease in the population through contacts with susceptible individuals.

“To reduce the infection spread, one can vaccinate all possible susceptible individuals. If they are all willing to be vaccinated and there is enough vaccine for everybody, the vaccination campaign will eradicate the disease with certainty. Very often, however, a large portion of susceptible individuals refuse to be vaccinated. In addition, a vaccine can be in short supply, expensive to produce, or difficult to store.”

How to cope with such conditions is the problem tackled by the three physicists: Meerson from the Hebrew University and Prof. Mark Dykman and Dr. Michael Khasin from Michigan State University in the US. (Although presently working in the US, Dr. Khasin earned his doctorate at the Hebrew University.)

The researchers made use of the fact that, even without vaccination, a disease ultimately becomes extinct on its own. But for large populations, the typical time it takes for the disease to disappear by itself can be very long. Essentially, Meerson and colleagues suggested an optimal vaccination strategy that accelerates, in the maximum possible way, this natural process of disease disappearance.

In this strategy, the vaccine must be delivered to the most susceptible populations (say children in a particular class where a certain percentage of the pupils have come down with the flu) in the form of short but intensive vaccination periods, adjusted to match the “ups and downs” of waves that occur in the natural spread of infectious disease.

Also, when the disease has a seasonal variation (like the common cold), that factor must be taken into consideration in the vaccination timing calculations.

The question that still remains is why physicists took on a problem belonging to epidemiology? Meerson says that the mathematical model that he and his colleagues used in their analysis closely resembles a quantum-mechanical model that physicists use when analyzing the dynamics of microscopic particles (such as electrons) in miniature traps. By adjusting the size of the traps upwards or downwards, one increases or decreases the chances of the electrons escaping. It is this unexpected analogy that made it possible to make the surprising conclusions about the periodic vaccination protocol – that is, to show how targeted, selective vaccination can indeed limit the “escape” of infectious germs and allow the disease to die down through largely a natural process.

Meerson and colleagues have yet to model their periodic vaccination scheme using real-world data. But they say their calculations show that vaccinating just a few percent of the population could reduce the time it takes to eradicate a disease from, say, five months, to between three and four. The researchers hope to continue refining their work on this phenomenon.

Source: The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 5th January 2011.

http://www.huji.ac.il/cgi-bin/dovrut/dovrut_search_eng.pl?mesge129422769832688760


Combination Vaccines More Ineffective Than Single Ones

A combination vaccine developed to reduce the number of vaccines infants receive appears to provide less immunity than the vaccines administered individually, according to a study in the April 13 issue of JAMA.

Infants in the United States receive up to 20 separate vaccine injections over 5 immunization encounters at ages 2, 4, 6, 12, and 18 months to protect against disease due to hepatitis B, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, measles, mumps, rubella, varicella, H influenzae type b, and pneumococcus. The inclusion of MenC would add a further 3 to 4 doses to the U.S. regimen. The development of combination vaccines has become a priority. The combining of pneumococcal and meningococcal conjugate vaccines has the potential to spare U.S. infants up to 4 extra injections by age 18 months and to decrease parental and clinician concerns about the number of vaccinations in early childhood.

Jim P. Buttery, F.R.A.C.P., formerly of the University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Headington, Oxford, U.K., and colleagues conducted a study to determine the immunogenicity and safety of a combination 9-valent pneumococcal–group C meningococcal conjugate candidate vaccine (Pnc9-MenC). The phase 2 randomized controlled trial was conducted from August 2000 to January 2002 and enrolled 240 healthy infants aged 7 to 11 weeks from 2 U.K. centers, with home follow-up visits at ages 2, 3, 4, and 5 months. Infants received Pnc9-MenC (n = 120) or monovalent group C meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MenC) (n = 120) administered in addition to routine immunizations (diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and whole-cell pertussis [DTwP], Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) polyribosylribitol phosphate-tetanus toxoid protein conjugate, oral polio vaccine).

The researchers found: "Pnc9-MenC combination vaccine administered to infants at ages 2, 3, and 4 months demonstrated reduced group C meningococcal immunogenicity compared with MenC vaccine. The immunogenicity of concomitantly administered Hib and DTwP vaccines was also diminished. The Pnc9-MenC vaccine was safe and immunogenic for all contained pneumococcal serotypes."

"These results highlight the unpredictability of immune responses to individual vaccine antigens after incorporating multiple antigens into combination vaccines and underline the importance of assessing the immunogenicity of all coadministered vaccine antigens in prelicensure trials. The Pnc9-MenC vaccine as tested may not be a suitable replacement for individual MenC or pneumococcal glycoconjugate vaccines," the authors conclude.

Source: JAMA. 2005;293:1751-1758.

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